8 Jake Wallis Simons, Guns, drugs and freedom: the great dark net debate, The Tel. Criminals, such as hackers, child pornographers, and black marketers, use Tor to conceal their identities from law enforcement. Dep’t of Justice, Remarks at “Cybersecurity + Law Enforcement: The Cutting Edge” Symposium (Oct. The protection offered by Tor also shields illegal activities in a part of the internet dubbed the “Dark Web.” 7 Leslie Caldwell, Assistant Attorney General, U.S. 6 Inception, The Tor Project, (last visited Nov. Journalists, whistleblowers, and political activists can use Tor to circumvent national firewalls and hide their identities, often from authoritarian regimes. As such, Tor has attracted a large following of users, criminal and legitimate, who could benefit from the cloak of anonymity. Tor was created to provide an efficient and secure method for users to protect their identity online. 5 Tor Sponsors, The Tor Project, (last visited Nov. Government, digital rights interest groups, and individual donors. and is now maintained by volunteers and funded by various sources including the U.S. available to the public for free in 2004, 4 Syverson, supra note 1. 10, 2016) (“pertaining to or denoting software whose source code is available free of charge to the public to use, copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute.”). Tor was deployed as open-source software, 3 Open-source, Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, (last visited Oct. Computer scientists for NRL, working with other government programs on what was then titled The Onion Routing Project, ushered this technology into its next generation, known simply as “Tor.” 2 Id. 1 Paul Syverson, Brief Selected History, Onion Routing, (last visited Nov. To achieve this goal, the concept of onion routing was developed by the United States Naval Research Laboratory (“NRL”) in the mid-1990s to protect online communications in the U.S. Security in online activity, and privacy from those who wish to monitor it, has been a priority for internet users since creation of the web.
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